Transportation & Logistics is one of the main sectors of economic life. It relies on a functioning trade. This is an obvious matter, since it is known that the goods produced must be provided in suitable locations (different warehouses, terminals), and then transferred directly to the places where the customers in an easy and simple way, will be able to buy them. Play a major role containers, or facilities that meet the relevant requirements and regulations for the carriage of goods. Such containers are positioned on the trucks which carry goods contained in them to the recipient. Some perform some functions (eg, cold) and some (eg, Refrigerated containers) can still be used for other purposes.
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Oct 11
9
The definition of a container
The ISO TC 104 technical committee has approved in 1968 the following definition of a container:
- its construction enables an easy loading and unloading of commodities. International Organization for Standardization is a non-governmental organization which associate national standardizing institutions. A definition is a statement in which you inform about the meaning of a specific expression by using another words which have the same meaning.
- its construction enables its transport by one or more different means of transport without the necessity of unloading and loading.
- it is adequately equipped, to facilitate different ways of fastening and moving it to another mean of transport
- it is a durable transport facility of a construction which guarantee multiple use
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Jul 11
18
Reefer – refrigerated containers
Refrigerated containers are used to transport loads which require a constant temperature. The walls have special construction filled with polyurethane foam. The floor is made from aluminum T-gratings which serve as a air channels. Reefer containers cooling unit automatically supports constant temperature ( in the range of about +25 and -25 °C) as long as the difference between outside and internal temperature not exceed 42 °C – for heating and 65 °C for cooling. While putting goods in container, its very important to remember to leave on the top little air gap ( about 75 mm).
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Jul 11
18
Platform containers
Platform containers are designed to transport heavy loads. Capacity of 40ft containers is about 40t and this is much more than all rest kinds of containers. Durable floor allows transport of large pressure loads. These containers are used in relations between two ports. Same as flack rack containers, in a combination can form on the deck tween-deck to transport not-container goods. Platform containers are equipped with mounting holders with increased strength, located on the floor and side beams.
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Jul 11
17
Tank containers
Tank containers are designed to transport liquid chemicals or drinking liquids. Tank with all equipment is placed in the frame of universal 20ft container. It’s construction meets the requirements of IMDG. For the transport of food there are used only specially containers marked “Potable Liquids only” Containers are filled up to 80% of capacity to avoid dangerous waving of liquids while transporting. Containers maximum filling is 95% of capacity due to thermal expansion. Tank container capacity is about 20,000 – 26,000 liters. Number of loaded cargo depends on its gravity, expansionary reserve, tare weight etc of container and road rules.
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Jul 11
17
Flat rack containers
Flat rack containers are adapted to transport loads which sizes prevent transporting them by standard and Open Top containers. Strong construction of floor and rigidly mounted frontal walls prevent mounting and securing a cargo. Bespoke containers can be equipped with stakes which on the one hand limits width of load to dimension of container and on the other hand they simplify mounting.
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Jul 11
17
Open top – hard top container
Open top containers are mainly designed to transportation cargo that exceed the height of standard container, loaded from the top ( for example by a crane) or which is not able to load to standard container through doors for physic reasons. Container design gives a possibility of loading using all light from roof hole and doors. The floor and walls of container have brackets. Acceptable load of floor of the container using forklifts, very often exceed 33% ISO requirements.
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Jul 11
17
General purpose containers
Steel construction of container is constituted on base and corner pistils. The frame is built along supporting beams, beams and cross girders. Container floor which take all payload must be able to withstand maneuvering stacker with the goods. On the floor and internal walls are placed holders to mount a cargo. The strongest part of the container are corner pistils with lower and upper coupling corners which are used to mounting and picking up the container. Double doors are installed on hinges which are welded to corner pistils. The doors are waterproof, closed on 2-4 locks with holes for padlocks and fillings. The roof is the weakest part of the container and is prohibited to load anything on it.
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Reefers cargo shipping and storage containers, standarts, opentops, flatracks, tanks, refrigerated containers and platforms.